Malic Acid

Bäst

Exfoliering

Malic Acid omedelbart

  • Exfoliating ingredient derived from unripe fruit
  • Has AHA and BHA properties
  • Boosts efficacy of other exfoliants
  • Ideal exfoliating range is between pH 3-4
  • Also used as a food additive

Malic Acid beskrivning

Malic acid is an exfoliating ingredient derived from unripe fruit. It also occurs naturally in the human body as a by-product from turning carbohydrates into energy. Although it’s technically a beta hydroxy acid ingredient, it is primarily classified as an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) because its hydroxyl group in the alpha position is believed to be dominant to the beta hydroxyl group. Also, it is not known to be oil-soluble like traditional beta hydroxy acid salicylic acid. Malic acid is used in cosmetics to adjust a product’s pH and, in an acidic pH range ideally between 3 and 4, as a mild exfoliant that can be used in lower concentrations (typically between 1–2%) to boost the efficacy of other AHA exfoliants such as glycolic and lactic acids. In foods, malic acid is sometimes added to impart a sour or tart flavour. In its raw form, malic acid appears as white or colourless crystals. It is considered safe as used in leave-on and rinse-off cosmetics.

Malic Acid referenser

  • The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, August 2018, pages 21-28
  • Molecules, April 2018, page 863
  • https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/malic%20acid.pdf
  • Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open, December 2016, ePublication
  • Biological Research, January 2015, ePublication
  • Clinical, Cosmetic, and Investigative Dermatology, November 2010, pages 135-142

Peer-reviewed, substantiated scientific research is used to assess ingredients in this dictionary. Regulations regarding constraints, permitted concentration levels and availability vary by country and region.

Ingrediensrankning

Bäst

Effektiv och bevisad genom oberoende studier. Enastående aktiv ingrediens för de flesta hudtyper eller hudbesvär.

Bra

Nödvändig för att förbättra en formulas struktur, stabilitet eller penetration.

Genomsnittlig

Vanligtvis inte irriterande, men kan ha estetiska, stabilitets- eller andra problem som begränsar dess användbarhet.

Dålig

Det finns en risk för irritation. Risken ökar när den kombineras med andra ingredienser som kan orsaka irritation eller inflammation.

Sämst

Kan ge upphov till irritation, inflammation, torrhet och andra oönskade effekter. Kan ha vissa fördelar men har i allmänhet visat sig göra mer skada än nytta.

okänd

Vi kunde inte hitta detta i vårt ingredienslexikon. Vi registrerar alla saknade ingredienser och gör kontinuerliga uppdateringar.

Inte betygsatt

Denna ingrediens har inte blivit rankad eftersom vi inte har haft möjlighet att granska den aktuella forskningen.